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Depression Treatment Advancements While effective treatments for depression are available however, researchers are developing new and better ways to treat the condition. This special Research in Context feature will examine some of these depression treatment advancements. Psychotherapy can help ease depression symptoms by teaching a person how to handle negative thoughts and feelings. Talk therapy can be done one-on-one with a health professional or in group settings. Precision mental healthcare The term “precision” refers to the ability to bring more precision or precision to the prevention, diagnosis and treatment methods. For mental health, this can mean a variety of approaches including psychotherapy and medications. A lot of these strategies focus on the symptoms of the disorder, rather than the root causes. This can result in treatments that do nothing more than ease symptoms but don't address the underlying factors that cause mental illness in the first place. Fortunately, precision mental healthcare is rapidly evolving. It's comparable to the approach which has been used in other areas of healthcare that include continuous monitoring of important indicators into the clinical practice (e.g. fever, temperature or blood pressure). It also involves combining multiple data sources and applying machine learning to assist doctors understand the patient's unique needs and develop more efficient treatment strategies. One example of precision psychiatry involves using EEG to monitor brain activity and assist doctors assess the ability of a person to engage in cognitive behavior therapy. Another example is a new class of medications known as NMDA receptor antagonists, which can prevent the glutamate neurotransmitter from reaching certain brain cells and decrease symptoms of depression. The testing of pharmacogenetics can be used to detect drug-gene interaction and prevent unfavorable effects. Additionally, a variety of companies are looking into digital precision psychiatry. This is a method that uses objective digital technology to monitor patients remotely and collect real-time information that can guide the care they receive. One company, for example employs artificial intelligence to track medication adherence and optimize dosages for depression patients. These solutions have the possibility of increasing accessibility and effectiveness in mental health as well as enhancing the adherence to treatment. Digital precision psychiatry, specifically it is a way to help people suffering from mental illness overcome obstacles to treatment, particularly those who are employed. For instance an Johnson & Johnson initiative in Singapore is working with other organizations to help facilitate the reintegration of those recovering from depression into their work environments and communities. This will help them keep their jobs, which is essential to recovery from mental illness. Medication Many people suffering from depression find that medication eases their symptoms. This is especially when the symptoms are severe or incapacitating. Antidepressants help restore the balance of neurotransmitters, which are chemical messengers in the brain that regulate mood and emotions. The majority of antidepressants today target one of these neurotransmitters, boosting levels of serotonin and norepinephrine as well as dopamine. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) such as Prozac and Zoloft boost the level serotonin in the brain. These SNRIs, such as Cymbalta, Effexor and Cymbalta focus on both norepinephrine as well as dopamine. Monoamine oxidase inhibitions such as Wellbutrin concentrate on dopamine only and norepinephrine. The majority of doctors recommend antidepressants as the first option of treatment for depression, as well as some kind of talk therapy. Some of these therapies include cognitive behavioral therapy, which can help improve the quality of your thoughts and feelings by teaching specific skills or interpersonal psychotherapy that focuses on improving relationships. Other therapies, like electroconvulsive (ECT) therapy and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) have also been proven to be effective at treating depression. However certain people don't respond to the first medication prescribed by their doctors. About one-third of patients suffering from depression don't feel relief from the initial medication they take and 40% of people who start using antidepressants quit within three months. The good news is that research has allowed doctors to predict which type of medication will be most effective for each patient, using blood or MRI tests to determine which receptors are most affected by the depression. In recent times, medication has gotten better with improved options and dosages that minimize side effects. Newer antidepressants such as esketamine, brexanolone, and nefazodone work to quickly alleviate depression symptoms. Other medications are in clinical trials that could change the method of their use. A drug called vorapaxar that is currently being tested in humans, targets a different part of the brain associated with depression by blocking NMDA receptors. It's expected to be available by 2024. A combination of ketamine with bupropion has also demonstrated promise. It could be more effective at treating depression that is resistant to treatment. Psychotherapy Researchers in psychiatry have identified certain factors that contribute to depression. These include imbalances in the neurotransmitters serotonin as well as norepinephrine. These chemicals play a crucial role in regulating mood emotions, mood and overall brain function. Medications such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors are the main treatment options. They can relieve many symptoms of depression including fatigue, depressed feelings, and sleep problems. They can also cause adverse effects, which could cause them to be unsuitable for some people. Psychotherapy can be used to address the causes of depression and help people cope better. Cognitive behavioral therapy and ketamine therapy are two types of therapy that have been found to lessen the symptoms of depression. Psychotherapy can help people develop a more effective coping strategy and better manage stressors. Cost, scheduling restrictions, and a shortage in mental health professionals can hinder access to psychotherapy. The recent growth of telehealth services has improved access to some people. The challenge with overcoming depression is finding the right combination of treatment. A single medication may not be enough to alleviate all your symptoms. It could take anywhere from 6 to 12 weeks before you can tell if a drug is working. There are a variety of nonpharmacologic treatments options, including transcranial magnet stimulation, which is a repetitive process, and vagus nerve stimulation. These therapies use electromagnetic fields to improve mood and stimulate the brain's chemical. If you're considering medication or psychotherapy it is essential to collaborate with your provider. Discuss your feelings and thoughts as well as the potential risks and adverse consequences that are associated with each. Find a service that can meet your needs if you are having trouble getting trust from your doctor or therapist. A clinic that offers a trial period for free is also a good choice, as it gives you the chance to try different options before committing. You'll eventually find a treatment that is effective for you and helps you feel better. Brain stimulation In just a few years, scientists have developed new techniques to target specific areas of the brain and swiftly change how they function. These techniques can be utilized to treat physical ailments as well as some mental disorders. One approach is called rTMS, which employs electromagnetic pulses to stimulate the brain. depression and anxiety treatment to the magnetic impulses that are used in an MRI, but isn't powerful enough to trigger a seizure. The method is based on stimulating a specific area of the brain with an innocuous magnet. The pulsations alter the way that the brain communicates which allows you to feel better. The treatment could take just 3.5 minutes and won't interfere with your normal activities. There may be a slight headache following the treatment. Another treatment involves implanting electrodes in the brain to send electrical zaps. Deep transcranial stimulation (deep-TMS) is an option that has been used to treat OCD and stop smoking. It's still being studied for depression, but early research suggest it can reduce depressive symptoms in some people. It's not clear how this treatment works, but it appears to alter the balance of certain neurotransmitters. Other noninvasive brain stimulation techniques are also getting better. In a recent study, patients with severe depression and intolerance to antidepressants responded well to a magnetic therapy called SAINT. It's customized to the individual's anatomy in the brain and utilizes high-dose patterns of magnetic pulses. The treatment can be administered in a few hours, unlike previous treatments that required daily sessions spread over months or weeks. Researchers used fMRI to pinpoint the exact area of the brain that was being stimulated in every patient. They also studied the tiny differences in how the brain's different regions activated, which allowed them to determine the direction of signals. They found that the anterior cingulate brain sent signals to the subgenual cortex of depressed individuals. However, these signals were often misdirected, and the more severe the depression, the greater number of these incorrect signals were.